Fig 1.
Flowchart of the method for the development of the classification models.
Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics in participants with and without coronary atherosclerosis1.
Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics in participants with and without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD)#.
Fig 2.
a. AUC comparison between different models for the prediction of coronary atherosclerosis. (Model 1: Inclusion of traditional cardiovascular risk factors only; Model 2: Inclusion of retinal information only; Model 3: Inclusion of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and retinal information). b. AUC comparison between different models for the prediction of obstructive coronary artery disease. (Model 1: Inclusion of traditional cardiovascular risk factors only; Model 2: Inclusion of retinal information only; Model 3: Inclusion of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and retinal information).
Table 3.
Stepwise logistic regression analysis showing factors associated with coronary atherosclerosis in different models.
Table 4.
Stepwise logistic regression analysis showing factors associated with obstructive coronary artery disease in different models.
Fig 3.
a & b show the retinal images of two participants with coronary artery disease. White arrow indicates arteriole occlusion. Black arrow indicates a venous vessel with significant vascular tortuosity. The dashed white arrow indicates a venous bifurcation; θ1 and θ2 specify the bifurcation coefficients of the two branching venules (MBCV).