Table 1.
Physical properties of bitumen grade VG-40.
Fig 1.
Gradation of aggregates used in this study.
Table 2.
Gradation of filler.
Table 3.
Properties of nitrile rubber.
Table 4.
Properties of bakelite.
Table 5.
Properties of furan resin.
Table 6.
Properties of epoxy resin.
Fig 2.
Research methodology to conduct laboratory work.
Table 7.
Volumetric properties of bituminous mix at OBC of 5.56%.
Table 8.
Level of Variables used during experimentation.
Fig 3.
Individual effect plot for stability.
Fig 4.
Individual effect plot for flow value.
Fig 5.
Predicted vs Actual value plot (a) Marshall Stability; (b) Flow Value.
Fig 6.
(a) Effect of B and NBR on Stability; (b) Effect of FR and NBR on Stability; (c) Effect of FR and B on Stability; (d) Effect of ER and B on Stability (e) Effect of B and NBR on Flow; (f) Effect of FR and NBR on Flow; (g) Effect of FR and B on Flow; (h) Effect of ER and B on Flow.
Fig 7.
Modified bitumen sample S1 (a) SEM image at magnification X50; (b) EDS; (c) SEM image of sample S34 at magnification X100; (d) EDS of sample S34.
Table 9.
Constraints utilized for multi response optimization.
Table 10.
Multi response optimization solutions.
Fig 8.
Composite desirability of MS and FV.
Table 11.
Response during confirmatory experiments.