Fig 1.
The framework of the influence of PFTZs on GDC.
Source: Compiled by the author.
Table 1.
Comprehensive evaluation index system of GDC.
Table 2.
List of abbreviations and explanations of all variables.
Table 3.
Descriptive statistics.
Fig 2.
Differences in covariates of variables before and after matching.
Table 4.
Balance test results.
Table 5.
Regression results.
Table 6.
Time trend results.
Fig 3.
Placebo test.
Table 7.
Robustness tests.
Table 8.
Heterogeneity analysis.
Table 9.
Results of transmission mechanism test.
Table 10.
The radiation effect or siphon effect of PFTZs.
Table 11.
Regression results of policy linkage effects.