Fig 1.
Location of the Gribshunden shipwreck.
Map depicting the wreck site in southeastern Sweden (red quadrant), and showing the main medieval towns along the Baltic coasts with archaeobotanical data discussed in this paper. Area of detail show wreck site located north of Stora Ekön island. Republished from Media Tryck, Lund University under a CC BY license, with permission from Frida Nilsson, original copyright 2022.
Fig 2.
Three-dimensional model of the wreck site.
The model produced during the 2019–21 field campaigns illustrates the Gribshunden shipwreck site. The square identifies the outline of the excavation trench from where the archaeobotanical samples were collected. Republished from Media Tryck, Lund University under a CC BY license, with permission from Frida Nilsson, original copyright 2022.
Table 1.
List of economic plant species in the archaeobotanical plant remains from the Gribshunden wreck site.
Fig 3.
Saffron from the Gribshunden shipwreck site.
Plant parts of saffron: a-c) stigmas, d) petri dish showing a portion of the recovered saffron stigmas.
Fig 4.
Black pepper from the Gribshunden shipwreck.
Plant parts of black pepper: a-c) different views of peppercorns, d) stalk segments, some with unripe berries of pepper.
Fig 5.
Almond from the Gribshunden shipwreck.
Plant parts of almond: a) seed coats, b) nutshells.
Fig 6.
Clove from the Gribshunden shipwreck.
Plant parts of clove: a-b) flower buds, c) stalks, d) side view of complete ovaries.
Fig 7.
Clove from the Gribshunden shipwreck.
Different views of detached globular head of clove: a) side view with attached petals, b) side view without petals, c) proximal side (above) of globular head, d) distal side (below) of globular head.
Fig 8.
Ginger from the Gribshunden shipwreck.
Plant parts of ginger: a-c) rhizome skin showing scales and auxiliary buds, d) close-up of black-spotted surface of skin.
Fig 9.
Variety of plant species from the Gribshunden shipwreck.
Seeds of: a) cucumber, b) grape, c) black mustard, d) raspberry, e) hop, f) henbane.
Table 2.
Previously recorded archaeobotanical finds of imported or rare food plant found at the Gribshunden shipwreck that illustrates the evidence of these in the Baltic Sea region during a time sequence from the Early to Late Medieval Age using presence and absence.