Fig 1.
Pie charts showing the relative proportion of bee genera (in different color) visiting eggplant (A) and annatto (B) flowers in Yucatán, Mexico. In pies (C) eggplant and (D) annatto, the genera are classified as sonicating (in grey) and non-sonicating (in orange), to represent the relative proportions of both bee types in each crop. Numbers on pies indicate the different genera.
Fig 2.
Relation between fruit weight and seed number in eggplant fruit: Seed number = 1691.44 - (145373/ Fruit weight).
Fig 3.
Distribution of visits of AHB (orange boxes), NB (green boxes) and NBZ (grey boxes) to eggplant (A) and annatto (B) flowers across different times of day in Yucatán, México. Lines inside the boxes represent the medians; box limits indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles; whiskers extend 1.5 times the interquartile range from the 25th and 75th percentiles.
Table 1.
Comparison of the average number of honey bees (AHB), native non-sonicating bees (NB) and native sonicating bees (NBZ) visiting flowers of eggplant and annatto in Yucatán, México.
Different letters within a time of day indicate significant differences at p<0.05.
Fig 4.
The flower of eggplant (A) and the behavior of AHB Apis mellifera during floral visit (B). Cone anther of eggplant flower (C) and its poricidal dehiscence (D). The comparison with annatto flower (E) and AHB visit (F). The structure of an annatto anther with elongated filament is shown on (G) and pore of the theca (H).
Fig 5.
Violin plots of number of fruits produced in A) eggplant and B) annatto after the application of treatments for controlled flower access (see text for acronyms). White circles show the medians; box limits indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles. Different letters indicate significant differences among treatments at p<0.01.
Table 2.
Comparison of the average number of fruit and their weight obtained in seven treatments (see text for acronyms) applied to eggplant flowers.
Estimations of Pollination Efficiency Index at single visits by NBZ and individual and multiple visits by AHB are also presented, together with estimation of overall Pollination Service Provision (PSP).
Fig 6.
Violin plots comparing the weight of eggplant fruit (A) and seed number of annatto fruit (B) after the application treatments for controlled flower access (see text for acronyms). White circles show the medians; box limits indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles as determined by R software; whiskers extend 1.5 times the interquartile range from the 25th and 75th percentiles. Different letters indicate significant differences among treatments at p<0.01.
Table 3.
Comparison of the average number of fruit and their seed number obtained in eight treatments (see text for acronyms) applied to annatto flowers.
Estimations of Pollination Efficiency Index at single visits by NB and individual and multiple visits by AHB are also presented, together with estimation of overall Pollination Service Provision (PSP).