Fig 1.
Overview of sensitivity analyses.
ER = emergency room; ICU = intensive care unit; ISS = Injury Severity Scale; GOSE/-Q = Combined information on recovery status using the Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended and its questionnaire version; SF-36v2 = 36-item Short Form Health Survey–version 2; SF-12v2 = 12-Item Short Form Survey–version 2; PCS = Physical Component Summary Score, MCS = Mental Component Summary Score; QOLIBRI = Quality of Life after Traumatic Brain Injury; QOLIBRI-OS = Quality of Life after Traumatic Brain Injury–Overall Scale; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PCL-5 = Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5; RPQ = Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire.
Fig 2.
Numbers of completed instruments per time point (3, 6, and 12 months after TBI) and for all time points completed by the same individuals.
GOSE/-Q = Combined information on recovery status using the Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended and its questionnaire version; SF-36v2 = 36-item Short Form Health Survey–version 2; SF-12v2 = 12-Item Short Form Survey–version 2; PCS = Physical Component Summary Score, MCS = Mental Component Summary Score; QOLIBRI = Quality of Life after Traumatic Brain Injury; QOLIBRI-OS = Quality of Life after Traumatic Brain Injury–Overall Scale; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PCL-5 = Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5; RPQ = Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire.
Table 1.
The overall sensitivity of the PROMs to pairwise group comparisons with respect to functional recovery status for three time points (patient data as available).
Fig 3.
Sensitivity of the PROMs in differentiating between good recovery (GOSE 7–8) and moderate disability (GOSE 5–6) for complicated mild TBI three months post-injury.
MW statistic: Mann-Whitney effect size with 95%-CI: confidence interval, Wei-Lachin pooled effect: pooled effect size combined across all PROMs for each group of interest. Green shaded area of the plot: large effect or high sensitivity (MW effect size less than or equal to 0.29 or greater than or equal to 0.71); blue shaded area: medium effect or medium sensitivity (MW effect size beyond 0.36 or 0.64, but greater than 0.29 or less than 0.71); transparent background: small effect or low sensitivity (0.36 ≤ MW ≤ 0.64).
Fig 4.
PROMs recommended for use with respect to different sociodemographic, premorbid, and injury-related patient groups and recovery statuses (i.e., GOSE/-Q as reference) at three months after TBI based on the MW effect sizes.
Numbers are documented in S7 Table (data as available) and in S8 Table (completers).
Fig 5.
PROMs recommended for use with respect to different sociodemographic, premorbid, and injury-related patient groups and recovery statuses (i.e., GOSE/-Q as reference) at six months after TBI based on the MW effect sizes.
Numbers are documented in S7 Table (data as available) and S8 Table (completers).
Fig 6.
PROMs recommended for use with respect to different sociodemographic, premorbid, and injury-related patient groups and recovery statuses (i.e., GOSE/-Q as reference) at six months after TBI based on the MW effect sizes.
Numbers are documented in S7 Table (data as available) and in S8 Table (completers).