Fig 1.
Flowchart of experimental work.
Fig 2.
Mean body weight of vehicle and compound 2-treated rats.
Body weight was measured at three intervals of the study period. Data are expressed as a mean ± standard error of mean (S.E.M) (n = 3).
Table 1.
Body weight gain (%) of vehicle and compound 2-treated rats measured at three intervals of the study period.
Table 2.
Relative organ weights (%) of vehicle and compound 2-treated rats in acute oral toxicity study.
Fig 3.
Effect of compound 2 on ketamine-induced hyperlocomotion in rats.
Rats were pretreated with vehicle, risperidone or compound 2, 30 min before ketamine administration and then tested for locomotion activity. Rats treated with 200 mg/kg compound 2 showed a significant difference in locomotion activity compared to ketamine-treated rats. Data are expressed as a mean ± S.E.M (n = 8–12) and analysed by One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, *p < 0.05 compared to the schizophrenia control group.
Fig 4.
Representatives of track plots of locomotor activity of experimental groups of rats in open field test.
Fig 5.
Effect of compound 2 on ketamine-induced social isolation.
Rats were injected with ketamine for 10 days, then left undisturbed for 3 days. On day 14th, vehicle, risperidone or compound 2 was administered, and rats were tested for social preferences. Rats treated with 200 mg/kg compound 2 showed a significant increase in % social preference than rats treated with ketamine. Data are expressed as a mean ± S.E.M (n = 8–12) and analysed by One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, *p < 0.05 compared to the schizophrenia control group.
Fig 6.
Effect of compound 2 on ketamine-induced non-spatial working memory impairment.
Rats were injected with ketamine for 10 days, then left undisturbed for 3 days. On day 14th, vehicle, risperidone or compound 2 was given, and the rats were trained for 15 min to induce the recognition memory in the sample trial. After 24 h, rats were tested for memory retention in the choice trial. Rats treated with 200 mg/kg compound 2 showed significantly stronger memory retention than rats treated with ketamine and trained for 15 min. Data are expressed as a mean ± S.E.M (n = 8–12) and analysed by One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, *p < 0.05 compared to the schizophrenia control group.