Fig 1.
Structure of a GRU cell [48].
Fig 2.
Layers of the proposed GRU model.
Fig 3.
Data flow of proposed GRU model.
Fig 4.
An illustration of the attention mechanism.
Fig 5.
Comparison of RMSE, MAE, MAPE, and R Squared error results for different hidden units values.
Table 1.
Performance evaluation of baselines & proposed (Overall).
Fig 6.
Prediction results for 15 minutes horizon on test data (overall).
Fig 7.
Prediction results for 15 minutes horizon on test data (two days).
Fig 8.
Prediction results for 30 minutes horizon on test data (overall).
Fig 9.
Prediction results for 30 minutes horizon on test data (two days).
Fig 10.
Prediction results for 45 minutes horizon on test data (overall).
Fig 11.
Prediction results for 45 minutes horizon on test data (two days).
Fig 12.
Prediction results for 60 minutes horizon on test data (overall).
Fig 13.
Prediction results for 60 minutes horizon on test data (two days).
Fig 14.
Robustness analysis after adding Gaussian noise.