Fig 1.
The geometry of proposed CPWfed frequency reconfigurable antenna operating over a wideband including ISM, WLAN and 5G wireless technologies, (a) Front view, (b) Side view, and (c) back view.
Fig 2.
(a) Design evolution of proposed antenna, and (b) impact of the various steps on antenna’s |S11|response.
Fig 3.
Equivalent circuit of diode for the PIN diode, (a) Forward biased, and (b) Reverse biased.
Fig 4.
Prototype of proposed frequency reconfigurable and flexible antenna.
Fig 5.
The reflection-coefficient, gain and radiation efficiency response of the proposed antenna when both PIN diodes are reverse biased.
Fig 6.
Radiation pattern of proposed antenna when both PIN diodes are reverse biased at (a) 3.7 GHz, and (b) 4.2 GHz.
Fig 7.
The reflection-coefficient, gain and radiation efficiency response of the proposed antenna when PIN diode D1 is reverse biased and D2 is forward biased.
Fig 8.
Radiation pattern of proposed antenna when PIN diode D1 is reverse biased and D2 is forward biased at (a) 2.4 GHz, and (b) 4.1 GHz.
Fig 9.
Radiation pattern of proposed antenna when PIN diode D1 is forward biased and D2 is reverse biased at (a) 3.5 GHz, and (b) 4.8 GHz.
Fig 10.
The reflection-coefficient, gain and radiation efficiency response of the proposed antenna when both PIN diodes are forward biased.
Fig 11.
Radiation pattern of proposed antenna when both PIN diodes are forward biased at (a) 2.45 GHz, and (b) 3.5 GHz.
Fig 12.
The prototype frequency reconfigurable antenna under the conformal condition.
Fig 13.
The reflection-coefficient response of the proposed antenna when wrapped around a cylinder under various PIN diode switching scenarios, (a) case-00, (b) case-01, (c) case-10, and (d) case-11.
Fig 14.
The reflection-coefficient, gain and radiation efficiency response of the proposed antenna when PIN diode D1 is forward biased and D2 is reverse biased.
Table 1.
Antenna performance under various PIN diode switching conditions.
Table 2.
Comparison of proposed antenna with other antennas reported in literature.