Fig 1.
PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; CHE: Catastrophic health expenditures.
Fig 2.
Frequency of included studies over time in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–2021.
Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
Table 2.
Summary characteristics of included studies.
Table 3.
Socio-demographic factors associated with population-level catastrophic health expenditure in SSA countries.
Table 4.
Socio-demographic factors associated with disease-specific catastrophic health expenditure in SSA countries.
Table 5.
Study characteristics and main findings of included qualitative studiesa (n = 7).
Table 6.
Themes, subthemes and number of contributing statements and studies with examples of supporting statements from qualitative studies.