Fig 1.
Fig 2.
Test jet apparatus [8].
Fig 3.
Schematic of the experimental set up [16].
Table 1.
Details of operating conditions for the ANN model.
Fig 4.
ANN model with input, hidden, and output layers.
Fig 5.
Flowchart for ANN training.
Fig 6.
Variation of β w.r.t M without control (WC) and with control (WC) for different η = 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8 for fixed α = 4.75 and γ = 8.
Fig 7.
Variation of β w.r.t M without control (WC) and with control (WC) for different γ = 2, 6, and 10 for fixed α = 4.75 and η = 1.5.
Fig 8.
Variation of β w.r.t α for without control (WC) and with control (WC) for different M = 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 for fixed γ = 8 and η = 1.5.
Fig 9.
Variation of ω w.r.t δ for M = 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 for constant η = 1.5, α = 4.75 for (a) γ = 7, (b) γ = 4.
Fig 10.
Variation of ω with respect to δ without control (WC) and with control (WC) for different η = 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8 at constant M = 0.6, α = 4.75 for (a) γ = 6, (b) γ = 10.
Fig 11.
Variation of ω with respect to δ without control (WC) and with control (WC) for different α = 3.25, 4.75, and 6.25 at constant M = 0.6, η = 1.5, and γ = 8.
Fig 12.
Network of input and outputs used in the study.
Table 2.
ANN model parameters for training.
Fig 13.
ANN testing and training result for (β) based on the 6-5-1 network architecture.
Fig 14.
ANN testing and training result for (ω) based on the 6-4-1 network architecture.
Fig 15.
Gradient plot for the (β) network output.
Fig 16.
Gradient plot for the (ω) network output.
Table 3.
ANN performance results for β and ω.
Fig 17.
Regression coefficient (R2) for (β)—(a) Training data, (b) Testing data.
Fig 18.
Regression coefficient (R2) for (ω)—(a) Training data, (b) Testing data.
Fig 19.
Comparison of experimental and ANN predicted results for (β).
Fig 20.
Comparison of experimental and ANN predicted results for (ω).
Table 4.
Experimental and ANN predicted result comparison for β and ω.
Table 5.
Comparison the literature with the present study.
Fig 21.
Sensitivity of input variable for (a) β and (b) ω.
Table 6.
Weights and biases for the ANN model (β).
Table 7.
Weights and biases for the ANN model (ω).
Fig 22.
Histogram plot of the β for the case of (a)WoC, (b) WC, and (c) ω (WoC).