Fig 1.
(A) The effect of DEX on the LDH leakage of PC12 cells (n = 5). (B) The effect of DEX on the number of SYTOX positive cells (n = 5). (C) The effect of DEX on the LDH leakage of PC12 cells (n = 5). (D) The effect of DEX on the number of SYTOX positive cells (n = 5). The release of LDH and the number of SYTOX green acid-positive cells were significantly increased after treatment with DEX, and TUDCA and siRNA GSDMD can significantly alleviate the effects of DEX. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, **P < 0.01 compared to the control group; ##P < 0.01 compared to the DEX group, **P < 0.01 compared to the siRNA NC group; ##P < 0.01 compared to the DEX + siRNA NC group. DEX: dexamethasone; TUDCA: tauroursodeoxycholate; GSDMD: Gasdermin D.
Fig 2.
(A) The effect of DEX on the level of IL-1β in the supernatants (n = 5). (B) The effect of DEX on the level of IL-18 in the supernatants (n = 5). The level of IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly increased after treatment with DEX, and TUDCA can significantly alleviate the effects of DEX. **P < 0.01 compared to the control group; ##P < 0.01 compared to the DEX group. DEX: dexamethasone; TUDCA: tauroursodeoxycholate.
Fig 3.
Western blot showed the expression level of cleaved GSDMD-NT in PC12 cells (n = 3).
The expression level of cleaved GSDMD-NT was significantly increased after treatment with DEX, and siRNA GSDMD can significantly alleviate the effects of DEX. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, **P < 0.01 compared to the siRNA NC group; #P < 0.05 compared to the DEX + siRNA NC group. GSDMD: Gasdermin D; DEX: dexamethasone.
Fig 4.
(A) Representative images showing GRP78 immunofluorescence in PC12 cells. (B) The average IOD of GRP78 per cell (n = 3). Bars = 25μm (magnification: × 800). The expression level of GRP78 was significantly increased after treatment with DEX, and TUDCA can significantly alleviate the effects of DEX. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, **P < 0.01 compared to the control group; ##P < 0.01 compared to the DEX group. GRP78: glucose-regulated protein 78; DEX: dexamethasone; TUDCA: tauroursodeoxycholate.
Fig 5.
(A) Representative images showing cleaved-GSDMD-NT immunofluorescence in PC12 cells. (B) The average IOD of cleaved GSDMD-NT per cell (n = 3). Bars = 25μm (magnification: × 800). The expression level of GSDMD-NT was significantly increased after treatment with DEX, and TUDCA can significantly alleviate the effects of DEX. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, **P < 0.01 compared to the control group; ##P < 0.01 compared to the DEX group. GSDMD: Gasdermin D; DEX: dexamethasone; TUDCA: tauroursodeoxycholate.
Fig 6.
(A) Representative images showing NLRP3 immunofluorescence in PC12 cells. (B) The average IOD of NLRP3 per cell (n = 3). Bars = 25μm (magnification: × 800). The expression level of NLRP3 was significantly increased after treatment with DEX, and TUDCA can significantly alleviate the effects of DEX. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, **P < 0.01 compared to the control group; #P < 0.05 compared to the DEX group. NLRP3: NLR-pyrin domain-containing 3; DEX: dexamethasone; TUDCA: tauroursodeoxycholate.
Fig 7.
(A) Representative images showing cleaved-caspase-1 immunofluorescence in PC12 cells. (B) The average IOD of cleaved-caspase-1 per cell (n = 3). Bars = 25μm (magnification: × 800). The expression level of cleaved-caspase-1 was significantly increased after treatment with DEX, and TUDCA can significantly alleviate the effects of DEX. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, **P < 0.01 compared to the control group; ##P < 0.01 compared to the DEX group. DEX: dexamethasone; TUDCA: tauroursodeoxycholate.
Fig 8.
(A) Western blot showed the expression level of GRP78 in PC12 cells (n = 3). (B) Western blot showed the expression level of cleaved GSDMD-NT in PC12 cells (n = 3). The expression levels of GRP78 and cleaved GSDMD-NT were significantly increased after treatment with DEX, and TUDCA can significantly alleviate the effects of DEX. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM, *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 compared to the control group; #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01compared to the DEX group. GSDMD: Gasdermin D; DEX: dexamethasone; TUDCA: tauroursodeoxycholate.