Fig 1.
Poor visual acuity and its negative effects on agricultural profitability.
The effects are derived from Kandel et al. (6), themes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Theme 2 was excluded because it deals exclusively with the negative effects of wearing glasses, contact lenses and corrective surgery. Source: Own depiction.
Table 1.
Data description for selected variables.
Fig 2.
Raw results from the standardized eye examination.
Number of observations = 260. Displayed are the average values from both eyes. Source: Own depiction.
Fig 3.
Results from the standardized vision test by visual acuity group.
Number of observations = 260. Source: Own depiction.
Table 2.
Calculations of contribution margins.
Table 3.
Mean comparison of key variables for the good vision and poor vision groups.
Table 4.
Estimates from the PSM (treatment = good vision) with a probit model.
Table 5.
Covariate balance for the good vision and poor vision groups before and after MDM.
Table 6.
ATT comparison between good vision and poor vision groups with PSM and MDM.
Table 7.
ATT’s for MDM, KBM and NNM with upper and lower bound comparison groups.
Fig 4.
Results from OLS regression on gross margins, with visual acuity groups as independent factorial variable.
Total observations = 260. Reference group is visual acuity group with a visus of 0. Control variables are not displayed. Source: Own depiction.
Table 8.
Treatment effects of visual acuity on single factor productivity.