Table 1.
List of Spiraea taxa under analysis collected from the herbarium of the Botanical Garden of the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań and natural sites.
Table 2.
List of taxa analyzed with their affiliation to particular sections and series.
Fig 1.
Pollen grains in polar view in S. douglasii, S. elegans, S. thunbergii, S. japonica, S. uratensis, A-E.
Fig 2.
Pollen grains in equatorial view in S. cana, S. henryi, S. salicifolia, S. trichocarpa, S. veitchii, A-E.
Fig 3.
Striate exine ornamentation types according to Ueda and Tomita [63]; see Table 6.
A-H. A, S. nipponica; B, S. wilsonii; C, S. alba; D, S. betulifolia; E, S. ×billardii; F, S. cana; G, S. chamaedryfolia; H, S. hypericifolia.
Fig 4.
Striate exine ornamentation types according to Ueda and Tomita [63]; see Table 6.
A-H. A, S. chinensis; B, S. ×cinerea ‘Grefsheim’; C, S. dasyantha; D, S. douglasii; E, S. elegans; F, S. henryi; G, S. japonica; H, S. alba var. latifolia.
Fig 5.
Striate exine ornamentation types according to Ueda and Tomita [63]; see Table 6.
A-I. A, S. media; B, S. pubescens; C, S. salicifolia; D, S. splendens; E, S. thunbergii; F, S. trichocarpa; G, S. uratensis; H, S. veitchii; I, S. tomentosa.
Table 3.
Minimal, maximal and mean values as well as coefficients of variation (CV) for length of polar axis (P), equatorial diameter (E) and length of ectoaperture (Le) in studied taxa.
Table 4.
Minimal, maximal and mean values as well as coefficients of variation (CV) for exine thickness along the polar axis (Exp), exine thickness along the equatorial diameter (Exe) and P/E of analyzed species.
Table 5.
Minimal, maximal and mean values as well as coefficients of variation (CV) for Le/P, Exp/P and Exe/E of analyzed species.
Table 6.
Exine ornamentation types and subtypes of Spiraea species studied (according to the classification of Ueda and Tomita [63]).
Fig 6.
The density plot of P by Spiraea taxa.
Fig 7.
The density plot of E by Spiraea taxa.
Fig 8.
The density plot of Exp by Spiraea taxa.
Fig 9.
The density plot of P/E by Spiraea taxa.
Fig 10.
Heatmap for Pearson’s correlation coefficients between observed traits for Spiraea taxa (r0.05 = 0.38; r0.01 = 0.49; r0.001 = 0.60).
Table 7.
Correlation coefficients between observed traits.
Fig 11.
Clustering (Neighbor Joining Method) of Spiraea species based on all nine morphological traits.
Fig 12.
The phylogenetic tree of distribution of pollen morphological characters.
Fig 13.
Distribution of 28 Spiraea taxa in space of two first canonical variables.
Table 8.
Correlation coefficients between the first two canonical variables and original traits.
Table 9.
Mahalanobis distances between analyzed Spiraea species were calculated based on nine quantitative traits.