Fig 1.
Map with marked areas for offshore investments where Maritime Institute and MEWO conducted pre-investment research used in the documentation review for this paper.
Fig 2.
Risk classification matrix (source: Internal data).
Fig 3.
The most common causes of measuring equipment failures assessed from 1—the least common to 5—the most common.
Fig 4.
The most common causes of measuring equipment failures due to human factor according to interviewees.
Fig 5.
The most common causes of measuring equipment failures due to technical conditions according to interviewees.
Fig 6.
The most common causes of survey equipment failures due to forces of nature according to interviewees.
Table 1.
Classification of identified risks according to Fig 1 (source: Internal data).
Fig 7.
Examples of objects on the seabed which may interfere with the survey: A) geological form on the seabed, image from the multibeam echosounder (MBES), B) single MBES profile in the location of the geological form A—height 5 m above the seabed, C) wreck of the Ślązak vessel, MBES image, D) fishing nets at the seabed of the reservoir, side-scan sonar SSS image with magnetic field anomaly lines, E) Palisade remains, MBES image, F) abandoned fishing nets, ROV TV picture.
Fig 8.
Examples of mechanical damage.
A) Steel rope of the ship’s crane broken when lifting a device from the seabed, B) Hitting the MBES frame on the underwater installation, which resulted in a deformation of the frame and loss of the device, C) Broken cable, D) Damage to the measuring buoy plating due to a collision with another floating object, E) Tipping over of the measurement buoy after breaking the anchor due to severe weather conditions, collision / trampling by other floating object / lack of appropriate services, F) Damaged cable.
Fig 9.
Side-scan sonar image of seabed consisting of various sediment types.