Fig 1.
(A) Placement of trocars for laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Each trocar consists of an (B) obturator and a (C) cannula.
Table 1.
Product summary.
Fig 2.
Result for the resource endpoint category.
(A) Environmental impact of the reusable (green), mixed (purple) and single-use systems (grey) on the resource endpoint category. (B) The median differences between the respective systems. Data are presented as median and 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles. There is no difference between the two alternatives if the 2.5th to 97.5th percentile range cross 0 in panel B.
Fig 3.
Result for climate change endpoint category.
(A) Environmental impact of the reusable (green), mixed (purple) and single-use systems (grey) on the climate change endpoint category. (B) The median differences between the respective systems. Data are presented as median and 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles. There is no difference between the two alternatives if the 2.5th to 97.5th percentile range cross 0 in panel B.
Fig 4.
Result for ecosystem quality endpoint category.
Environmental impact of the reusable (green), mixed (purple) and single-use systems (grey) on the ecosystem quality endpoint category. (B) The median differences between the respective systems. Data are presented as median and 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles. There is no difference between the two alternatives if the 2.5th to 97.5th percentile range cross 0 in panel B.
Fig 5.
Result for human health endpoint category.
Environmental impact of the reusable (green), mixed (purple) and single-use systems (grey) on the human health endpoint category. (B) The median differences between the respective systems. Data are presented as median with 95% and the 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles. There is no difference between the two alternatives if the 2.5th to 97.5th percentile range cross 0 in panel B.
Table 2.
Midpoint impact category results.
Fig 6.
Contribution analysis of endpoint category results.
The contribution from production (grey), sterilization (yellow), transport (pink), waste (blue) and recycling (green) to the product systems’ impact on each endpoint category.
Table 3.
Life cycle cost analyses.