Fig 1.
Flowchart of this paper.
Fig 2.
Specimen reinforcement details (SJ-1 as an example).
Table 1.
Information on the five specimens.
Fig 3.
Pouring high-strength mortar.
Fig 4.
Installing reinforcement.
Fig 5.
Installing prestressed reinforcement.
Fig 6.
Pouring concrete.
Table 2.
Mechanical properties of the ordinary reinforcement.
Fig 7.
Test loading (front).
Fig 8.
Test loading (back).
Fig 9.
Loading sequence.
Fig 10.
Failure mode of SJ-1.
Fig 11.
Failure mode of SJ-2.
Fig 12.
Failure mode of SJ-3.
Fig 13.
Failure mode of SJ-4.
Fig 14.
Failure mode of SJ-5.
Fig 15.
Failure modes of SJ-1~SJ-5 columns.
Fig 16.
Hysteresis curve of SJ-1.
Fig 17.
Hysteresis curve of SJ-2.
Fig 18.
Hysteresis curve of SJ-3.
Fig 19.
Hysteresis curve of SJ-4.
Fig 20.
Hysteresis curve of SJ-5.
Fig 21.
Skeleton curves of five specimens.
Table 3.
Strength of five specimens in two loading directions.
Fig 22.
Stiffness degradation of the five specimens.
Table 4.
Ductility of the five specimens.
Fig 23.
Hysteresis loop.
Fig 24.
Cumulative energy dissipation of the five specimens.
Fig 25.
Energy dissipation coefficient of the five specimens.
Fig 26.
Mechanical model for downward load.
Fig 27.
Mechanical model for upward load.
Fig 28.
Calculation diagram of the bending moment in the normal section.
Fig 29.
Schematic diagram of the yield moment calculation for downward load.
Fig 30.
Schematic diagram of the yield moment calculation for upward load.
Fig 31.
Schematic diagram of the ultimate moment calculation for downward load.
Fig 32.
Schematic diagram of the ultimate moment calculation for upward load.
Table 5.
Comparison of calculated and test values.