Fig 1.
Research framework.
Table 1.
Scenarios of positive and negative frames.
Table 2.
Research variables, average item mean for both frames.
Table 3.
Respondents’ demographic information.
Table 4.
Internal consistency, composite reliability and convergent validity.
Table 5.
The Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio of correlations (HTMT).
Table 6.
Results of hypotheses testing for vaccination intention.
Table 7.
Effect sizes.
Fig 2.
NCA (attitude—intention).
Fig 3.
NCA (direct social norms—intention).
Fig 4.
NCA (indirect social norms—intention).
Fig 5.
NCA (perceived behavioural control—intention).
Fig 6.
NCA (perceived threat—intention).
Table 8.
Bottleneck analysis with ceiling envelopment–free disposal hull.
Table 9.
Independent-sample T test.