Table 1.
List of art and gardening intervention sessions and participant visitation numbers.
Table 2.
Timeline sequence for the eight experimental art and gardening intervention sessions.
Fig 1.
CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) recruitment, consenting, enrollment, screening and intervention completion diagram for the gardening and art randomized controlled trial.
Fig 2.
Self-report psychometric assessments* included the Profile of Mood States 2nd Ed. Adult Form (POMS); Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Ed. (BDI-II); State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Adult Form (STAI); Satisfaction with Participation in Discretionary Social Activities (SPDSA) PROMIS Short Form v1.0; and SF-36v2 (SF-36) Health Survey 3rd Ed. Blood Pressure** (BP) and Heart Rate** (HR) were collected using Omron 7 Series Wrist Blood Pressure Monitors (BP652N).
Table 3.
Baseline characteristics for the randomly assigned art and gardening groups.
Table 4.
F-Test table from a two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for comparisons within each psychometric instrument assessment.
Table 5.
Art and gardening groups self-report psychometric assessment statistics.
Values computed from time by intervention group repeated measures pair-wise t-tests.
Table 6.
Treatment effect size calculations using Cohen’s dRM for repeated measures.
Table 7.
POMS subscales F-Test table from a two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for comparisons within each subscale assessment.
Table 8.
POMS subscale statistics for the art and gardening interventions.
Table 9.
Treatment effect size calculations for POMS subscales using Cohen’s dRM for repeated measures.
Fig 3.
(A) POMS Total Mood Disturbance. (B) PSS. (C) BDI-II. Logarithmic regression trends with respect to art or gardening interventions. Sample size varies between sessions and between groups due to missing data. Error bars represent standard error. Best-fit trend lines and equations were determined using Excel.