Table 1.
Search terms used for literature search.
Table 2.
Assessment of reporting quality of included studies.
Fig 1.
Flow diagram of study selection process.
Table 3.
Descriptive statistics of included studies.
Fig 2.
Overall mean (●) effect sizes (±SD), grouped average (---) and recommended maximum effect size (∙∙∙) lifor magnitude of difference between predicted and actual 1RM.
The grey band represents the standard deviation of the pooled effect sizes. Note: Effect sizes closer to zero indicate greater validity (i.e., smaller difference between actual and predicted 1RM).
Table 4.
Summary of results utilising the minimal velocity threshold prediction method.
Table 5.
Summary of results utilising the load at zero velocity prediction method.
Table 6.
Summary of results utilising the force velocity prediction method.
Fig 3.
Mean (●) effect sizes (±SD), grouped average (---) and recommended maximum effect size (∙∙∙) for magnitude of difference between predicted and actual 1RM by the number of loads used for their prediction model; a.) 2-point method, b.) 3-point method, c.) 4-point method, d.) 5-point method, e.) ≥6-point method. The grey band represents the standard deviation of the pooled effect sizes. Note: Effect sizes closer to zero indicate greater validity (i.e., smaller difference between actual and predicted 1RM).
Fig 4.
Mean (●) effect sizes (±SD), grouped average (---) and recommended maximum effect size (∙∙∙) for difference between predicted and actual 1RM by exercise group examined; a.) upper body exercises, b.) lower body exercises. The grey band represents the standard deviation of the pooled effect sizes. Note: Effect sizes closer to zero indicate greater validity (i.e., smaller difference between actual and predicted 1RM).
Fig 5.
Mean (●) effect sizes (±SD), grouped average (---) and recommended maximum effect size (∙∙∙) for magnitude of difference between predicted and actual 1RM by velocity metric used for maximal strength prediction; a.) mean concentric velocity, b.) mean propulsive velocity, c.) peak concentric velocity. The grey band represents the standard deviation of the pooled effect sizes. Note: Effect sizes closer to zero indicate greater validity (i.e., smaller difference between actual and predicted 1RM).
Fig 6.
Mean (●) effect sizes (±SD), grouped average (---) and recommended maximum effect size (∙∙∙) for magnitude of difference between predicted and actual 1RM by the velocity monitoring device used; a.) linear position transducer, b.) smartphone application, c.) other devices. *camera-based optoelectronic system, **inertial measurement units. The grey band represents the standard deviation of the pooled effect sizes. Note: Effect sizes closer to zero indicate greater validity (i.e., smaller difference between actual and predicted 1RM).
Fig 7.
Summary of the practical recommendations for use of a LVR to predict 1RM.