Fig 1.
A. Single flower. B. Plant. C, D, E. Flower from front, lateral and back view. F. Flower front view showing spotted dorsal sepal and hairy staminode. G. Dorsal sepal. H. Dorsal sepal from dorsal and back view. I. Petals. J. Inflorescence. K. Pedicel-with-ovary. L. Labellum from top view. M. Labellum from lateral view. N. Gymnostemium from lateral view showing anthers. O. Staminode. P. Staminode showing base connate to the gymnostemium. Q. Staminode showing mucronulate apex. R. Anthers. S. Pollinarium. Note: G-S are preserved specimens.
Fig 2.
Distribution of Paphiopedilum exul.
Fig 3.
P. exul growing on the cliff of a limestone forest.
Photos by Muhamad Faizal Md Azmi.
Table 1.
Comparison of morphological characters of P. exul from Perlis and P. exul from Thailand.
Fig 4.
A. Inflorescence. B. Plant in the natural habitat. C. Dorsal view of the flower. D. Labellum with a central orange mark. E. Plant (dried specimen). F. Dorsal sepal. G. Lateral sepal. H. Petal. I. Lateral view of the labellum and Gymnostemium showing canaliculated claw. J. Labellum (flattened). K. Close-up of the labellum side lobes. L. Pubescent claw. M. Gymnostemium including foot. N. Anther-cap. O. Pollinia. Note: F-O are preserved specimens.
Fig 5.
Distribution of Calanthe chrysoglossoides.
Fig 6.
A, B. Flowers from top and lateral views. C. Flower’s front view. D. Inflorescence. E. Plant. F. Flower’s lateral view. G. Flower’s dorsal view. H. Dorsal sepal. I. Lateral sepal. J. Petal. K. Labellum and Gymnostemium. L. Labellum’s abaxial view. M. Labellum’s adaxial view. N. Gymnostemium’s front view. O. Gymnostemium’s lateral view, P. Anther-cap, Q. Pollinia.
Fig 7.
Distribution of Luisia brachystachys.
Fig 8.
A. Inflorescence. B, C, D. Flower from lateral and front view. E. Plant. F. Flowers from back view showing spur. G. Spur. H. Floral bract. I. Pedicel-with-ovary and floral bracts. J. Dorsal sepal. K. Lateral sepals. L. Petals. M. Gymnostemium from lateral view showing anther canals. N. Trilobed labellum. O. Gymnostemium from top view showing protruding rostellum. Note: F-O are preserved specimens.
Fig 9.
Distribution of Habenaria rostellifera.
Fig 10.
Bryobium cordiferum subsp. borneense.
A. Plant. B, C, D. Inflorescence from lateral and front view. E, F. Flowers showing whitish ovate labellum. G. Floral bract. H. Flower from lateral view. I. Petal. J. Dorsal sepal. K. Lateral sepals. L. Labellum from lateral view. M. Labellum from top view showing midlobe. N. Labellum from top view showing two lateral keels. O. Labellum from top view showing basal part. P. Flattened labellum. Q. Gymnostemium. R. Pollinia.
Fig 11.
Distribution of Bryobium cordiferum subsp. borneense.
Fig 12.
The plants growing as epiphyte on a tree in a riverine forest in Kapit, Sarawak.
Table 2.
Comparison of morphological characters of B. cordiferum subsp. borneense found in Kapit, B. cordiferum subsp. borneense found in Gunung Mulu National Park, and B. cordiferum subsp. cordiferum found in Papua New Guinea.
Fig 13.
A. Plant growing on a fallen twig of Neonauclea sp. (Rubiaceae) tree in a riverine forest. B, C, D, E. Inflorescence from lateral and front view. F. Plant’s top view showing wrinkled roots (spirit-preserved). G. Flower’s lateral view (spirit-preserved). H. Sepals and petals (spirit-preserved). I. Labellum’s lateral view (spirit-preserved).
Fig 14.
Distribution of Taeniophyllum rugulosum.