Fig 1.
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram.
HIIT = high-intensity interval training; WoS = Web of Science.
Table 1.
Summary of study and program characteristics.
Table 2.
Study characteristics.
Table 3.
Risk of bias assessment based on ROB-2 and ROBINS.
Table 4.
Summary of outcomes between HIIT and control groups for all outcomes reported in ≥ 2 studies.
Table 5.
Summary of outcomes between HIIT and comparative exercise groups for all outcomes reported in ≥ 2 studies.