Fig 1.
Map showing the latitude-longitude locations of the Kona, Kauaʻi, and PHR sites. Location and depth of each site was averaged among deployments from that site. Basemap image is the intellectual property of Esri and is used herein with permission. Copyright © 2022 Esri and its licensors. All rights reserved.
Table 1.
Quantitative click type descriptions.
Table 2.
Validation types.
Fig 2.
Plots A-H depicting data from representative clicks from each of 10 final click types: (A) False killer whale, (B) Low-frequency type 1 (LF1), (C1) Short-finned pilot whale 1, (C2) Short-finned pilot whale 2, (D) Bottlenose dolphin/ melon-headed whale, (E) Blainville’s beaked whale, (F) Cuvier’s beaked whale, (G1) Stenellid 1, (G2) Stenellid 2, and (H) Kogia spp. Panels 1–4 (left to right) depict the following: (1) mean spectra, shown along with 10th and 90th percentile values, (2) modal inter-click interval distribution, (3) concatenated click spectra of all clicks included, and (4) click waveform envelope for all clicks. Click waveform envelope has been sorted by peak amplitude (highest to the left), and concatenated clicks have been sorted correspondingly. Types are ordered by peak frequency.
Fig 3.
Towed-array S. bredanensis encounters.
Figure depicting (a) mean spectra, (b) concatenated click spectra, and (c) an example long-term spectral average of a towed-array acoustic encounter of verified rough-toothed dolphins. Panel (a) includes the mean type spectra of the LF1 click type for comparison. Delineations in panel (b) (white lines) separate clicks coming from encounters 1–4. Panel c shows a long-term spectral average of raw data from an example encounter coming from the towed array dataset.
Fig 4.
Additional towed-array examples.
Long-term spectral average of two different hours of towed-array data, displaying the persistence of a notch in sensitivity at ~ 50 kHz regardless of species present. Panel (a) displays sound data from anthropogenic sources, while (b) displays both anthropogenic noise and a delphinid encounter (starting at ~ 0.5 hours).
Fig 5.
Long-term spectral average of an LF1 encounter.
Long-term spectral average of data from 11/13/2015 including clicks labelled as type LF1. A sighting of rough-toothed dolphins occurred about 1 hour after this encounter, approximately 5 km from the location of the HARP.
Table 3.
Neural network results.
Table 4.
Classifier confusion Matrix- Kona.
Table 5.
Classifier confusion Matrix- Pearl and Hermes Reef.
Table 6.
Classifier confusion Matrix- Kauaʻi.