Fig 1.
Long-period seismic design β spectrum with 5% damping ratio.
Table 1.
The values of site characteristic period Tg.
Fig 2.
Schematic diagram of geometry and coordinate system of the circular tank.
Fig 3.
Hydrodynamic pressure distribution of a circular tank in GB 50032–2003 code.
a) Along the height of the tank wall. b) Along the circumferential direction of the tank bottom.
Table 2.
Hydrodynamic pressure coefficient fwc of a circular tank.
Fig 4.
Hydrodynamic pressure distribution of a circular tank in ACI 350.3–01 code.
Table 3.
Structure characteristics of the circular tank.
Table 4.
The Corresponding relationship between water storage capacity and water storage height.
Table 5.
Material properties of liquid water.
Fig 5.
The stress-strain curve of the materials in the numerical simulation.
a) The concrete. b) The reinforcement.
Fig 6.
The finite element models of tank A.
a) Tank body. b) Reinforcement bar. c) 30% water storage. d) 70% water storage.
Fig 7.
Time-history curves of two seismic ground motions.
a) HSDB seismic ground motion. b) HX seismic ground motion. c) El Centro seismic ground motion. d) Tianjin seismic ground motion.
Table 6.
Basic information of seismic ground motions.
Fig 8.
Response spectrums, mean response spectrum, and design response spectrum of earthquakes.
Fig 9.
Time-history curves of two seismic ground motions.
a) A-10%. b) A-30%. c) A-50%. d) A-70%. e) B-70%. f) C-70%.
Table 7.
Brief tank model features and dynamic characteristics results.
Fig 10.
Diagram showing position of extraction points for A-50% condition.
a)Points on the tank wall. b) Points in the circumferential and radial directions of the tank bottom.
Table 8.
Comparison of calculation results for hydrostatic pressure.
Fig 11.
Maximum hydrodynamic pressure distributions at the tank wall at 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration.
a) A-10% condition. b) A-30% condition. c) A-50% condition. d) A-70% condition. e) B-70% condition. f) C-70% condition.
Fig 12.
Maximum hydrodynamic pressure distributions of the tank bottom at 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration.
a) A-10% condition. b) A-30% condition. c) A-50% condition. d) A-70% condition. e) B-70% condition. f) C-70% condition.
Fig 13.
Maximum hydrodynamic pressure distributions in the circumferential direction at the tank bottom at 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration for the A-50% condition.
Table 9.
The maximum hydrodynamic pressure of the tank wall under unidirectional main seismic motion with 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration for A-50% condition (KPa).
Table 10.
The maximum hydrodynamic pressure of the radial direction for tank bottom under unidirectional main seismic motion with 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration for A-50% condition (KPa).
Table 11.
The maximum hydrodynamic pressure of the circumferential direction for tank bottom under unidirectional main seismic motion with 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration for A-50% condition (KPa).
Fig 14.
Maximum hydrodynamic pressure distributions of a tank wall at different water storage heights under the same ground motion input with 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration.
a) HSDB-EW seismic motion. b) JZGYF-NS seismic motion. c) PJW-NS seismic motion. d) BJ-EW seismic motion. e) CC-NS seismic motion. f) YL-NS seismic motion. g) HX-NS seismic motion. h) EL-NS seismic motion. i) TJ-NS seismic motion.
Fig 15.
Maximum hydrodynamic pressure distributions of the tank wall at different tank radii input with 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration.
a) HSDB-EW seismic motion. b) JZGYF-NS seismic motion. c) PJW-NS seismic motion. d) BJ-EW seismic motion. e) CC-NS seismic motion. f) YL-NS seismic motion. g) HX-NS seismic motion. h) EL-NS seismic motion. i) TJ-NS seismic motion.
Table 12.
Coefficient of impulsive hydrodynamic pressure fw1 for a ground-level circular tank.
Fig 16.
Hydrodynamic pressure distributions of the ground rested circular RC tank.
a) Along the height of the tank wall. b) Along the circumferential direction of the tank bottom.
Table 13.
The maximum hydrodynamic pressure PWD,x of the whole tank under unidirectional main seismic motion with 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration (KPa).
Table 14.
The maximum hydrodynamic pressure PWD,y of the whole tank under unidirectional secondary seismic motion with 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration (KPa).
Table 15.
The maximum hydrodynamic pressure PWD,2 of the whole tank under bi-directional seismic motions with 1.0 m/s2 peak acceleration (KPa).