Table 1.
Summary characteristics of LIFE-Adult participants considered in the present analysis.
Fig 1.
Identification of anterior and posterior torso landmarks.
(a) Extracted data points from 3D image, (b) Identification of anterior and posterior landmarks within point slice data.
Fig 2.
Landmarks used to segment the torso and create a local co-ordinate system within each 3D image.
Fig 3.
Torso shape principal components (PCs).
First 9 PCs capturing 90.6% of variation in torso shape in the LIFE-Adult cohort, shown as the maximum positive (left) and negative (right) deviations from the sample mean. Blue and red regions represent areas that protrude less, or more than the average torso shape, respectively.
Fig 4.
Correlation matrix of male participant measures.
Strength of linear relationships between traditional body measures and shape PCs for male participants. Dark red panels indicate a strong positive correlation, dark blue panels indicate a strong negative correlation, lighter panels indicate weak correlation.
Fig 5.
Correlation matrix of female participant measures.
Strength of linear relationships between traditional body measures and shape PCs for female participants. Dark red panels indicate a strong positive correlation, dark blue panels indicate a strong negative correlation, lighter panels indicate weak correlation.
Fig 6.
Variable importance in projection (VIP) of body measures within PLS regression models.
Comparison of calculated VIP statistic values within the PLS regression model for each torso shape PC between male and females.
Fig 7.
Relationship between body measures and shape PCs for male participants.
(a) Predicted changes in shape PCs according to PLSR models. (b) Reconstructed torso shapes for males with waist girths of 68, 110 and 152 cm.
Fig 8.
Relationship between body measures and shape PCs for female participants.
(a) Predicted changes in shape PCs according to PLSR models. (b) Reconstructed torso shapes for females with waist girths of 59, 102 and 143 cm.
Fig 9.
Proportions of total torso shape variation within LIFE dataset explained and unexplained by each torso shape PC for males and females.