Fig 1.
Graphical abstract: Screen-detected ABI scores as risk indicator for future CVD and mortality.
Study population, methods, and results for the relationship between screen-detected ABI scores and future cardiovascular events, limb events and all-cause mortality in patients with manifest CVD. MACE was defined a composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, terminal heart failure, retinal infarction and/or hemorrhage and CVD death. MALE was defined as a composite of lower limb revascularization (thrombolysis, vascular surgery, or major amputations of the ankle or more proximal). Graphs show Hazard Ratios adjusted for age, sex, smoking, non-HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, renal function, and diabetes mellitus status. Abbreviations: UCC-SMART = Utrecht Cardiovascular Cohort Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease, CVD = cardiovascular disease, DM = diabetes mellitus, CeVD = cerebrovascular artery disease, CAD = coronary artery disease, AAA = abdominal aortic aneurysm, PAD = peripheral arterial disease, ABI = ankle brachial index, MACE = Major Cardiovascular Adverse Events, MALE = Major Adverse Limb events.
Fig 2.
Flowchart of the study population.
Abbreviations: UCC-SMART = Utrecht Cardiovascular Cohort Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease, DM = diabetes mellitus, CeVD = cerebrovascular artery disease, CAD = coronary artery disease, AAA = abdominal aortic aneurysm, PAD = peripheral arterial disease, ABI = ankle brachial index.
Table 1.
Baseline according to ABI and manifest PAD groups.
Table 2.
Events per 1000 person years.
Fig 3.
Adjusted Hazard Ratios of screen-detected abnormal ABI & manifest PAD patients for MACE (A), MALE (B), and all-cause mortality (C) according to Model 3. Model 3 was adjusted for age, sex, smoking, non-HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, renal function, and diabetes mellitus status. Abbreviations: ABI = ankle brachial index, PAD = peripheral arterial disease.
Table 3.
The association between screen-detected abnormal ABI scores & manifest PAD and future MACE.
Table 4.
The association between screen-detected abnormal ABI scores & manifest PAD and future MALE.
Table 5.
The association between screen-detected abnormal ABI scores & manifest PAD and all-cause mortality.