Table 1.
Summary of analysis to characterise RNA quantity, quality and integrity.
Fig 1.
Method of extraction by using QIAzol (Method A) and QIAzol + glycogen (Method B).
Fig 2.
Method of extraction by using Qiagen Micro Kit (method C) and Qiagen Micro Kit + glycogen (Method D).
Table 2.
Genes and primers used in the present study for Moina micrura [50].
Table 3.
The comparison of quantity (ng/individual), purity (A260/230 and A260/280 ratios) and integrity (RIN values), of total RNA extracted from zooplankton using different extraction and preservation methods.
Fig 3.
The bioanalyzer assessment of total RNA from ten (10) female M. micrura extracted using different RNA extraction methods with the agilent RNA 6000 pico kit on the agilent 2100 bioanalyzer.
X-axis units in nt (Nucleotides); Y-axis units in FU (Fluorescence Units); N/A (Not Applicable) a) RNA ladder, b) glycogen, c) QIAzol method, d) QIAzol + glycogen method, e) Qiagen Micro Kit method, f) Qiagen Micro Kit + glycogen method, and g) Electrophoretic gel for each sample.
Fig 4.
The effect of glycogen on RNA quantity, quality (A260/230 and A260/280 ratios) and integrity (RIN values).
Box plots illustrate a) total yield of RNA extracted, b) A230/260 ratios of RNA extracted, c) A230/280 ratios of RNA extracted and d) RIN values of RNA extracted. Significant differences were analysed by ANOVA (Tukey’s post hoc test; ρ < 0.05) and are expressed as different letters. The results are based on the RNA extraction from the sample pools of ten (10) female M. micrura.
Fig 5.
a) Key apical endpoints in various levels of organisation and b) workflow of Cladocerans bioindicator in risk and pathway assessment.
Fig 6.
SWOT analysis of the phenol-chloroform extraction method and the column-based kit for the RNA extraction of zooplankton samples.