Table 1.
Oligonucleotide primers used in RT-PCR assay and sequencing of the PCR products.
Table 2.
Profiles of bovine rotavirus analyzed genetically and their gene sequences in a study of diarrheic calves in Bangladesh.
Table 3.
Contingency tables and Pearson’s Chi-square test conducted to evaluate the association between explanatory variables and rotavirus diarrhea in calves in Barisal, Madaripur and Sirajganj districts in Bangladesh, 2014−2015.
Table 4.
Risk factors identified in the final multivariable logistic regression analysis for rotavirus infection in diarrheic calves in Bangladesh.
Fig 1.
Electropherogram of rotavirus strains isolated from diarrhoeic calf samples in Bangladesh.
1–11, segments of RNA. The genomic RNA segments migration pattern of 4:2:3:2, typical of group A rotavirus was observed in polyacrylamide gel, where segments 7, 8, and 9 moved in a triplet. Segments 1–4, respectively, encode structural protein VP1-VP4, Segemnts 6 and 9 encode structural protein VP6 and VP7, respectively. Segments 5, 7, 8 and 10 encode nonstructural protein NSP1, NSP3, NSP2 and NSP4, respectively. Segment 11 encodes NSP5 or NSP 6. Lane A-H, Rotavirus strains isolated from diarrheic calf samples.
Fig 2.
Representative photographs of RT-PCR amplification of VP7 (a) and VP4 (b) genes.
Lanes: 1–5, suspected diarrheic stool samples. Successful amplification of VP7 and VP4 genes is seen in lane 1, 3, 5, (a) and lane 1, 3, 4, 5 (b), respectively; M, 100 bp DNA ladder (Promega, USA); The product lengths of VP7 and VP4 genes were 1062 and 877 bp, respectively.
Fig 3.
The evolutionary relationship of G6-VP7 genes of bovine rotaviruses detected in the present study (red rectangle).
The tree was constructed with the aligned sequences downloaded through BLAST search. The relationship was inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method and the ecleotide distances were measure using Kimura 80 model on CLC Sequence viewer 8.0. The scale bar at the bottom indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.
Fig 4.
The evolutionary relationship of G10-VP7 genes of bovine rotaviruses detected in the present study (red rectangle).
The tree was constructed with the aligned sequences downloaded through BLAST search. The relationship was inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method and the ecleotide distances were measure using Kimura 80 model on CLC Sequence viewer 8.0. The scale bar at the bottom indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.
Fig 5.
The evolutionary relationship of P11-VP4 genes of bovine rotaviruses detected in the present study (red rectangle).
The tree was constructed with the aligned sequences downloaded through BLAST search. The relationship was inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method and the nucleotide distances were measure using Kimura 80 model on CLC Sequence viewer 8.0. The scale bar at the bottom indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.