Fig 1.
Global primary energy consumption by energy source (2010–2050) [8].
Fig 2.
World’s energy consumption trend [9].
Fig 3.
Fuel cell block diagram.
Table 1.
Description of state variables.
Table 2.
Functions F1—F9 used in state space modeling.
Table 3.
Coefficients defined in the fuel cell.
Fig 4.
Air delivery system of PEMFC.
Fig 5.
Stack current created from step functions.
Fig 6.
Comparison of OER for the three controllers.
Fig 7.
Net power produced by PEM fuel cell.
Fig 8.
Stack power produced by PEM fuel cell.
Fig 9.
Stack voltage produced by fuel cell.
Fig 10.
Comparison of error tracking.
Table 4.
Quantitative analysis of control schemes.
Fig 11.
Compressor motor voltage.
Fig 12.
Control input.