Fig 1.
The Index Date (i.e., Baseline) was defined as the timepoint when diagnostic criteria for both T2D and CAD were first identified in patients who underwent PCI. All available EHRs prior to January 2014 were considered to extract information regarding the clinical history of patients (dotted blue line). The follow-up period ranged from the Index Date to the end of the study period or the last data point available. Unstructured data from patients’ EHRs was extracted and organized with the EHRead® technology. See the Methods section for further details. *Estimated prevalence data for T2D calculated over the total patient population at midpoint of the study period minus both patients who died in the hospital during the study period (N = 41,747) and patients without follow-up data in the 12 months prior to midpoint (N = 1,460,161).
Table 1.
Demographics, substance use, vital signs, and comorbidities at baseline.
Table 2.
T2D- and CAD-related clinical characteristics.
Fig 2.
T2D- and CAD-related medication at baseline.
Percentage of patients prescribed with different medications for T2D (A) and CAD (B). Numbers within bars represent number of patients. *Any fixed combination of two of the above oral hypoglycemic agents (i.e., two or more active substances combined in one single prescription). **Other include clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, and other lipid-lowering drugs. ***DAPT refers to ASA plus other anti-platelet drug. #K-vitamin antagonists include warfarin (n = 2; 0.13%) and acenocumarol (n = 185; 11.72%) †Non-K-vitamin antagonists include heparins (n = 121; 7.66%), direct thrombin inhibitors (n = 34; 2.15%), direct factor Xa inhibitors (n = 23; 1.46%), and fondaparinux (n = 14; 0.89%). ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB = angiotensin II receptor blockers; ASA = acetylsalicylic acid; DAPT = dual antiplatelet therapy; DPP4i = dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors; SGLT2i = sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; GLP1 = Glucagon-like peptide-1; FA = Fast acting; IA = Intermediate acting; LA = Long acting.
Fig 3.
Probability of MACE over time during the follow-up period.
Probability for any MACE event (black), myocardial infarction (red), ischemic stroke (green), hospitalization for unstable angina (orange), and urgent revascularization (blue) during follow up. The number of patients at risk (same for all categories) across the follow-up period is indicated below.
Table 3.
Multivariate model of factors associated with the occurrence of MACE during follow up.