Table 1.
Characteristics showing no effect of gender in ratings of typicality.
Table 2.
Characteristics showing no effect of gender in ratings of desirability.
Table 3.
Characteristics rated as consistently more typical in boys/men than girls/women across the lifespan.
Table 4.
Characteristics rated as consistently more typical for girls/women than boys/men across the lifespan.
Table 5.
Characteristics that were consistently rated as more desirable for one gender than the other.
Table 6.
Characteristics for which gender differences in ratings of typicality interacted with age.
Table 7.
Characteristics for which gender differences in ratings of desirability interacted with age.
Fig 1.
Observed clusters and their patterns.
Fig 2.
Number of characteristics classified as gender stereotypes at each age by type of stereotype.
Notes. Y-axis is a count of stereotypes that met our pre-registered stereotype threshold. Black indicates prescriptive stereotypes, dark gray indicates proscriptions, and light gray indicates descriptive stereotypes. Note that some characteristics are double-counted (e.g., if an item was a descriptive and prescriptive stereotype at a particular age, it contributes to both the descriptive count and the prescriptive count). These data suggest that gender stereotypes are prevalent across the developmental timeline, and that children—not adults—may be subject to the most gender stereotypes.
Table 8.
Characteristics that were rated as descriptive of one-year-old children.
Table 9.
Characteristics that were rated as prescriptive/proscriptive of one-year-old children.