Table 1.
Basic characteristics of included studies.
Table 2.
Quality assessment of individual studies using the QUIPS instrument.
Fig 1.
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram for study identification and selection.
Fig 2.
Forest plot of D-dimer in severe CAP versus non-severe CAP patients.
The size of the square is proportional to study-specific statistical weights, horizontal lines represent 95% confidence interval (CI) and diamonds represent summary measures of association. SMD, standardized mean difference; ES, effect size. CAP, community-acquired pneumonia.
Fig 3.
Funnel plot with Egger’s test for d-dimer levels and severity.
Unadjusted effect estimates from individual studies were plotted against their standard error. Solid and dashed lines represent the summary effect estimate and its 95% confidence intervals for different values of the standard error, respectively. Egger’s test estimated bias: p = 0.031. (A) Funnel plot assessing publication bias in RCTs investigating the effectiveness of different types of respiratory PPE against clinical (influenza-like illness and clinical respiratory illness) or laboratory-confirmed outcomes (influenza or other viral or bacterial respiratory infections); Harbord’s estimated bias coefficient: -0.59; p = 0.592.
Fig 4.
Forest plot of D-dimer in non-survivors versus survivors with CAP.
There was a significant elevation of D-dimer level in non-survivors with great of heterogeneity between trials. CAP, community-acquired pneumonia.
Fig 5.
HSROC for d-dimer levels and occurrence of pulmonary embolism in patients with CAP.
HSROC, hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve.
Fig 6.
Forest plot of network meta-analysis of SMD of d-dimer levels of patients with different outcomes.
The red lines show prediction interval of future research. PrI = prediction interval. SMD = standardized mean difference.