Fig 1.
A decision tree model, illustrating the two alternatives for PPV23 vaccination with the status quo of no vaccination.
The spectrum of pneumococcal infections included: meningitis, pneumonia, otitis media, septicemia, sinusitis and death.
Table 1.
Probabilities and estimates associated with pneumococcal disease.
Table 2.
Costs estimate per year for outpatient care to treat pneumococcal disease based on actual expenditures in 2017.
Table 3.
Cost estimations for inpatient care to treat pneumococcal disease in 2017 based on My-DRG.
Table 4.
The costs of vaccine per dose and pneumococcal disease.
Table 5.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the PPV23 vaccination programme in a cohort of Malaysian Hajj pilgrims.
Fig 2.
Tornado chart presenting a one-way sensitivity analysis for PPV23 vaccination.
The tails of each bar represent the differences in ICERs with low (left) and high (right) parameter values. The maximum and minimum values for each variable are presented in brackets. EV: Expected value.
Fig 3.
Scatter plot showing results of Monte Carlo probabilistic sensitivity analysis for PPV23 vaccination programme vs no vaccination.
Fig 4.
Cost-effectiveness acceptability curve showing the probability that vaccination is cost-effective compared to no vaccination over a range of values.
Table 6.
Budget impact analysis of PPV23 vaccination.