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Fig 1.

Operational framework of proposed Boruta algorithm and machine learning classification system for injury severity.

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Table 1.

Number of injuries in single and multiple-vehicle accidents.

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Fig 2.

Wrapper-based Boruta Algorithm (BA).

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Fig 3.

Confusion matrix.

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Fig 4.

Boruta Algorithm outputs.

(a) Box plots of attributes based on importance values. (b) Importance value of attributes in each classifier run.

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Table 2.

Attributes importance statistics by Boruta Algorithm (BA).

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Table 2 Expand

Fig 5.

Confusion matrix of selected important attributes and all attributes.

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Table 3.

Comparison of prediction performance of different classifiers for single and multiple vehicles accidents.

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Fig 6.

Confusion matrix for single-vehicle accidents using various classifiers.

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Fig 7.

Confusion matrix for multiple-vehicle accidents using various classifiers.

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Fig 8.

Comparison of AUC–ROC of different machine learning classifiers.

(a) ROC curves for single-vehicles accidents. (b) ROC curves for multiple-vehicles accidents.

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