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Fig 1.

Design of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methodology.

A culture containing several test strains were prepared, and the absolute abundances of each test strains before and after exposure to antimicrobials was measured by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Internal standard bacteria were added to the culture before DNA extraction.

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Fig 1 Expand

Table 1.

Proportion of accurately identified reads of test strains analyzed using the Nanopore sequencing.

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Table 1 Expand

Table 2.

Detection of the relative abundances in samples of mixed bacteria with different abundance ratios.

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Table 2 Expand

Table 3.

The absolute amount quantification of the gene using an internal standard.

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Table 3 Expand

Table 4.

Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ofloxacin and chloramphenicol against test strain cultured in NYB.

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Fig 2.

Antimicrobial susceptibility test using Nanopore sequencing.

The test strains mixture was exposed to (A) ofloxacin or (B) chrolamphenicol, and incubated 6 hours. The absolute abundance of each test strain was calculated by comparing sequencing reads of test strain and internal standard strain. The abundances fold change of after incubation relative to before incubation were shown in Y axis. The strains are arranged in descending order of antibiotic sensitivity from left to right (see Table 4). E. coli was classified as Enterobacteriaceae family.

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