Fig 1.
PRISMA flow of studies included in review.
Fig 2.
Risk of bias assessment for the RCTs completed.
Domains: D1: Bias arising from the randomization process; D2: Bias due to deviations from intended intervention; D3: Bias due to missing outcome data; D4: Bias in measurement of the outcome; D5: Bias in selection of the reported result.
Fig 3.
Risk of bias assessment for the non-RCTs completed.
Domains: D1: Bias arising from the randomization process; D2: Bias due to deviations from intended intervention; D3: Bias due to missing outcome data; D4: Bias in measurement of the outcome; D5: Bias in selection of the reported result.
Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in the review.
Table 2.
Outcomes as reported in each study.