Fig 1.
PRISMA flow diagram of study selection.
Fig 2.
Time-point for microbiota analyses.
Green symbol indicates that the study found a statistically significant difference between GDM and non-GDM women in either alpha diversity, beta diversity, or relative bacterial abundance. Red symbol indicates that the study did not find a statistically significant difference between the GDM and non-GDM women. The level of significance for each study can be seen in Table 2. *No information regarding the time-point for microbiota analysis.
Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the included studies.
Fig 3.
Box plots comparing GDM and non-GDM women in the included studies.
(A) Number of participants, (B) Age, (C) Pre-pregnancy BMI, and (D) Fasting glucose measured in the different trimesters of pregnancy. T1, first trimester; T2, second trimester; T3, third trimester.
Table 2.
Handling of samples from GDM and non-GDM participants in the included studies.
Table 3.
Alterations of the gut microbiota in the GDM women compared to the non-GDM women.
Table 4.
Major findings of the included studies.
Table 5.
Correlations between specific bacteria and host glucose parameters.
Table 6.
Quality assessment of included studies based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for case-control studies.