Fig 1.
Weather stations of three networks in the study area.
A digital elevation model (source: USGS; https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/; accessed on 15 Nov 2021) was used in the background, and the 2015 landcover classes and the major rivers (source: Government of Canada provided under Open Government Licence–Canada that allows adaptation for any lawful purpose; https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/; accessed on 15 Nov 2021) over it were made semi-transparent to understand the topography.
Table 1.
Landscape characteristics of the weather stations in the three networks.
Table 2.
Data availability of the three networks in the study area, where ‘-’ indicates measurements were not available.
Fig 2.
Measures of association related relationships among (a) r, R2 and Rs; and (b) r, Cosθ and E for the entire dataset. Data outliers are Group 2 in both panels and circled in panel (b).
Fig 3.
Measures of coincidence related relationships among (a) AAE, RMSE and MSE, and (b) AAE, RD and B for AT in °C; (c) AAE, RMSE and MSE, and (d) AAE, RD and B for RH in %; (e) AAE, RMSE and MSE, and (f) AAE, RD and B for SR in W/m2 for the entire dataset. Data outliers are circled in panels (e) and (f).
Fig 4.
Measures of coincidence related relationships among (a) AAE, RMSE and MSE, and (b) AAE, RD and B for BP in kPa; (c) AAE, RMSE and MSE, and (d) AAE, RD and B for PR in mm; and (e) AAE, RMSE and MSE, and (f) AAE, RD and B for SD in cm for the entire dataset. Data outliers are circled in panel (a).
Table 3.
Relation and similarity analysis of all meteorological parameters of interest for OSM WQP stations.
Table 4.
Relation and similarity analysis of AT and RH at different heights for WBEA MT stations.
Table 5.
Relation and similarity analysis of SR and PR for WBEA MT stations.
Table 6.
Relation and similarity analysis of AT, RH, SR, and BP for WBEA ES stations.
Table 7.
Network-specific required stations for each of the meteorological parameters.