Fig 1.
Biosynthesis pathway of vitamin E and the expression pattern of candidate genes involved in the pathway.
The heatmaps of candidate genes were visualized by the MeV software. The expression levels were calculated by using Log2 (FPKM+1). Abbreviations: CMK, 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase; HGGT, Homogentisate geranylgeranyltransferase; HPPD, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dixygenase; HPT, homogentisate phytyltransferase; IDI, isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase; ISPF, 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase; GGPS, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase; GGR, geranylgeranyl reductase; MPBQ-MT, 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone methyltransferase; PK, phytol kinase; TAT, tyrosine aminotransferase; TC, tocopherol/tocotrienol cyclase; TMT, tocopherol/tocotrienol methyltransferase.
Fig 2.
Variations of vitamin E content in 20 oil palm accessions.
The vitamin E contents in 20 oil palm accessions (three biological and technical replicates per sample) included δ-tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, α-tocotrienol, α-tocopherol, total tocotrienol, and total vitamin E.
Table 1.
Predicted candidate genes involved in vitamin E biosynthesis in E. guineensis.
Fig 3.
Gene structure of 37 candidate genes involved in vitamin E biosynthesis in E. guineensis.
Fig 4.
The association between markers and vitamin E content.
The left diagram is the bootstrap consensus tree obtained by SNP and indel markers using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the General Time Reversible model with 500 bootstrap repetitions. Bootstrap values higher than 50% are shown. The heatmap was obtained by transformed vitamin E data (log2 vitamin E data).
Fig 5.
Electrophoresis diagram of PCR products amplified with the primer EgTMT-1-24 (A) and its association with vitamin E content (B).