Fig 1.
Land cover map of the city of Wroclaw (Poland) based on data from Urban Atlas 2018 (https://land.copernicus.eu/local/urban-atlas/urban-atlas-2018).
Fig 2.
The surveyed housing estates in Wrocław with prefabricated apartment blocks built in the years 1970–85 presented on the land cover map of the city of Wroclaw (https://land.copernicus.eu/local/urban-atlas/urban-atlas-2018).
Fig 3.
Example of prefabricated housing in Wroclaw–a fragment of Powstańców Śląskich housing estate.
Fig 4.
Flowchart of the study.
Fig 5.
Roof area [m2] of prefabricated buildings distinguishing between buildings up to 5 floors and over 5 floors in the analyzed housing estates.
Numbering of estates in accordance with Fig 2.
Fig 6.
Distribution of the surveyed housing estates with respect to the normalised urban heat island in Wrocław (nUHI).
Fig 7.
Roof area [m2] of prefabricated buildings located within areas of a given normalized Urban Heat Island (nUHI) magnitude.
The numbering of the housing estates in accordance with Fig 2.
Fig 8.
Delimitation of priority areas as meeting the criteria determined by Urban Heat Island of High Intensity (UHI HI), high Roof Surface Density (RSD) and high roof surface density of buildings with up to 5 floors (RSD5H).
Fig 9.
Priority areas where prefabricated building roof retrofits are envisaged first, presented on the orthophotomap 2020 (https://geoportal.wroclaw.pl/en/resources/).
Fig 10.
Roof cross-section of a typical building in the Wroclaw Large Panel (WLP) system.
Fig 11.
Extensive green roof on the existing roof structure–scenario 1.
Fig 12.
Semi-intensive green roof on the rebuilt roof structure–scenario 2.