Fig 1.
Representative standard curves for (A) total phenolic content; (B) flavonoid content.
Fig 2.
(A) Colonies of culture IBSD-19 grown on PDA for seven days, (B) image of conidia and conidiophores from a seven-day MEA culture, (C) phylogenetic tree of partial ITS-rDNA sequences of IBSD19 fungal strain.
Reference sequences were downloaded from NCBI with the accession numbers indicated in parentheses.
Fig 3.
Antibacterial potential of ethyl acetate extract against S. aureus and MRSA (STR = streptomycin; CHL = chloramphenicol).
Fig 4.
Effects of ethyl acetate extract on the ultrastructure of S. aureus and MRSA as observed by SEM (A, control; B, S. aureus; C, MRSA).
Fig 5.
(A) DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract. (B) ABTS+ radical scavenging activity of the extract. Values are mean ± SD; n = 3.
Fig 6.
TLC photography of fungal extract.
These fractions were developed in a preselected solvent system containing chloroform /methanol (8:2, by volume) and visualized using several methods, namely, ultraviolet lamps emitting at 365 nm after heating for 3 min at 105 °C after spraying with vanillin sulphuric acid (A), ultraviolet lamps emitting at 365 nm after spraying with anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid solution (B), and 0.04 mg·mL−1 DPPH in ethanol (C).
Fig 7.
GC-MS based chemical profiling of ethyl acetate extract from IBSD-19 fungi strain.
Fig 8.
Chemical structures of constituents detected in IBSD-19 extract.
Table 1.
List of major compounds identified from IBSD-19 fungal extract.