Table 1.
Participants characteristics for Studies 1, 2, and 3.
Table 2.
Ten items with highest partial non-parametric correlations with perceived socioeconomic status controlled for age and gender (N = 1929).
Fig 1.
Structure of mediation models.
Model with socioeconomic status (SES) as predictor (X). S-Scale as mediator (M), symptoms of depression as outcome (Y), as well as age and gender as control variables. Note. c = path of X to Y, without inclusion of M (total effect); a = path of X to M; b = path of M to Y; c’ = path of X to Y including M (direct effect).
Fig 2.
Standardized regression coefficients for the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and symptoms of depression as mediated by the S-Scale and controlled for age and gender. ***p < .001.
Fig 3.
Standardized regression coefficients for the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and symptoms of depression at 1-year follow-up as mediated by the S-Scale and controlled for age, gender, and depression at baseline. ***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < .05.
Table 3.
Participant characteristics for Study 4.
Table 4.
Standardized factor loadings.
Table 5.
Bivariate correlations.
Fig 4.
Standardized regression coefficients for the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and symptoms of depression as mediated by the S-Scale and controlled for age, gender, self-esteem, daily stressors, narcissism, and socially desirable responding ***p < .001, **p < .01.