Fig 1.
Location of study area and distribution of the sampling locations.
Table 1.
Averages of long-term climate data of the Dushak city, Turkmenistan [26].
Table 2.
Particle size distribution of soil samples in the study area.
Table 3.
Mean soil reaction, electrical conductivity and calcium carbonate content in the study area.
Table 4.
Geostatistical analysis results for various parameters determined in the study.
Fig 2.
Spatial distribution of clay content and pH values within 0–120 cm of soil profile.
Fig 3.
Spatial distribution of electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption (SAR) values and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) contents within 0–120 cm of soil profile.
Table 5.
Salinity classes and coverage area of salinity zones in the study area.
Table 6.
Sodicity classes for soil surface and coverage area of salinity zones in the study area.
Fig 4.
Hard and thick surface crusts on soil surface.
Fig 5.
Spatial distribution maps for the amount of gypsum, elemental sulfur and sulfuric acid calculated for 60 and 120 cm depth of soils profile.
Fig 6.
Spatial distribution maps for the amount of leaching water calculated for 60 and 120 cm depth of soils profile.