Fig 1.
Summary of the Malmquist index of annual means.
Table 1.
Positive and negative firm data.
Table 2.
Technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency of 65 e-commerce firms under the BCC in 2019.
Table 3.
Second-stage stochastic frontier analysis regression results.
Table 4.
Comparison of technical efficiency after adjustment for the input variables of 65 e-commerce firms in 2019.
Table 5.
Comparison of technical efficiency before and after adjustment of the input variables of three types of e-commerce firms in 2019.
Fig 2.
Summary of the average Malmquist index of different types of e-commerce firms.
Table 6.
Summary of the Malmquist total factor productivity index of different types of firms during 2015–2019 (ranked by TFPCH).