Fig 1.
Creation of AoU cohort with anthropometric data and AoU cohort with ALT data from all participants in AoU registered tier data.
Participants were removed from AoU Registered Tier data for the current study based on exclusion criteria, outlying observations, availability of data, and responses to PPI-based questions regarding race/ethnicity and gender. All participants in the AoU cohort with ALT data are included in the AoU cohort with anthropometric data. ALT indicates Alanine Aminotransferase; AoU, All of Us Research Program; BMI, body mass index; cm, centimeters; PPI, participant-provided information; SD, standard deviation; wk, week.
Table 1.
Characteristics of age, anthropometric traits and ALT levels by race/ethnicity and gendera.
Table 2.
Results of multivariable linear regression models for body mass index.
Fig 2.
Age-adjusted prevalence of obesity by race/ethnicity and gender in all of us research program compared to NHANES 2015–2016 and 2017–2018 data.
Race/ethnicity and gender groups are represented on the X axis and proportion of individuals with obesity adjusted for age is represented on the Y axis. For each gender and race/ethnicity subset, proportions of six age groups in the US population for each subset were used as reference weights to obtain the weights for AoU and NHANES cohorts, to calculate the weighted mean, and to calculate the variance where Kish’s effective sample size is used to calculate the confidence interval. T-tests were then performed to evaluate differences in obesity prevalence within gender/race/ethnicity groups between AoU, NHANES 2015–2016, and NHANES 2017–2018. Only p values less than 0.01 are indicated. ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001; **** p<0.0001. NHANES indicates National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; NHB, Non-Hispanic Black; and NHW, Non-Hispanic White.
Fig 3.
Anthropometric variables and ALT in all of us research program participants by gender and race/ethnicity.
A) Body Mass Index (BMI), B) Waist Circumference (WC), C) Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), D) Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT). Horizontal dotted lines indicate the median body metric by gender. The boxplots visualize five summary statistics: Black lines indicate the median, lower and upper hinges reflect the 25th to 75th percentile, respectively, and the upper and lower error bars indicate the 5th and 95th percentiles, respectively. Due to privacy restrictions related to AoU publications policy, outlying observations are not plotted on boxplots. Men and women were included if they self-reported a single race/ethnic group in Asian, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, or White. NHB indicates Non-Hispanic Black and NHW, Non-Hispanic White.
Table 3.
Results of multivariable linear regression models for ALT.