Fig 1.
Classification of fellow eye’s conditions with multimodal imaging findings.
Representative images of fundus photograph (A-E), FA (F-J), ICGA (K-O), and OCT (P-T) for each category. Representative images for Category 1 (A, F, K, and P) showed neither drusen > 63 μm nor pigmentary abnormality. Representative images for Category 2 (B, G, L, and Q) accompanied by 63–125 μm medium drusen (See an arrow in B). Note the drusen detectable by OCT as well (an arrow in Q). Representative images for Category 2 (C, H, M, and R), associated with pigmentary abnormality (See a circle in C). The RPE abnormality was revealed by the finding of window with FA (a yellow circle in H). Concurrent choroidal vascular hyperpermeability was detected by ICGA (yellow circles in M). Note that thick choroid presented (as indicated by a yellow line in R) and that sub-RPE deposits was not seen (R). Representative images for Category 3 (D, I, N, and S); soft drusen lager than 125 μm accumulating on the macula (a circle in D). OCT detected dome-shaped elevations of RPE (arrows in S). Representative images for Category P (E, J, O, and T), presenting pachydrusen as an isolated large drusen outside the macular area (an arrow in E). Note that pigmentary abnormality or macular drusen was not observed. Dilated choroidal vessels (pachyvessels; arrows in T) and thick choroid (as illustrated by a yellow line in T) was observed. Horizontal green line (K, L, M, N, and O) represents where OCT scans cross.
Fig 2.
Scatter plots for the fellow eye’s SFCT in each category.
Both Category 2 and Category P show significantly higher SFCT than Category 3 (P = 0.0008 and P = 0.0095, respectively). Similarly, SFCT in Category 2 was significantly thicker than Category 3 (P < 0.0001) in the fellow eye of tAMD. SFCT in Category P showed a trend to be higher than Category 1 or Category 3 in the fellow eye of PCV (P = 0.0644 and 0.0688, respectively). Tukey-Kramer HSD test. Horizontal blue bars indicate the mean SFCT in each group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001, ***P < 0.0001.
Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the enrolled unilateral nAMD patients and categorization in the fellow eyes.
Table 2.
SFCT in each category according to the first eye’s AMD subtype.
Fig 3.
Five-year incidence of nAMD in each category according to the first eye’s AMD subtypes.
**P < 0.0001. *P < 0.01. Fisher’s exact test.
Fig 4.
Kaplan Meier curve for nAMD-free periods in each category.
The occurrence of nAMD in the fellow eye was used as an endpoint. P < 0.0001. Log-rank test.
Table 3.
Five-year incidence of nAMD in the fellow eye according to each category.
Table 4.
The prevalence of pachydrusen in Category 2/3 and 5-year incidence of nAMD in the presence or absence of pachydrusen.
Fig 5.
Scatter plots for SFCT of Category 2/3 in the presence or absence of pachydrusen.
Horizontal blue bars indicate the mean SFCT in each group (SDs are numerically shown). *P < 0.05. Tukey-Kramer HSD test.