Fig 1.
The information collected from the questionnaire survey.
Fig 2.
The distribution of respondents who completed the questionnaire survey from the six provinces on Java Island.
Table 1.
Characteristics of the respondents (N = 443).
Fig 3.
Percentage of respondents who experienced sleep difficulties and hot indoor air exposure according to their age, economical level, and indoor environmental conditions.
Fig 4.
A subjective indoor air quality evaluation according to respondents from different locations.
Table 2.
A summary table of respondents’ past health problem experiences.
Table 3.
Logistic regression and odd ratio relating personal factors to health problems.
Table 4.
Results of logistic regression models and odd ratios along with the 95% confidence intervals for the covariates related to dwelling locations.
Table 5.
Results of logistic regression models and odds ratios along with the 95% confidence intervals (CI) for covariates related to occupants’ indoor environments and air quality satisfaction.
Table 6.
Independent variables for structural equation modelling.
Fig 5.
Standardized estimates of the associations between economic levels, thermal discomfort experiences, perceived indoor environments, and health problems.
Table 7.
The evaluations of path coefficients with respect to latent variables.
Table 8.
The loading factor results derived from latent variables of structural equation modelling.