Fig 1.
Flow diagram of screening process.
Table 1.
Studies included in the meta-analysis, in order of effect size of the financial self-control strategies.
Fig 2.
Forest plot of strategy use effect size by study.
Each line represents one observation. The position of the bubble depicts the effect size. The size of the bubble represents the weight of that individual study on the overall average effect size, whereby studies with larger sample sizes are weighed more and are represented with larger bubbles. The green bubble represents the weighted combined effect size. The bars represent the 95% confidence interval. Outcome refers to whether the purpose of the strategy is to reduce spending (Spend) or increase saving (Save). Type refers to whether the strategy is proactive (PRO) or reactive (RE). Refer to Table 1 for strategy details.
Table 2.
Frequency table of within study risk of bias in meta-analysis.
Fig 3.
Presence of publication bias and p-hacking in meta-analysis.
Fig 3A shows the funnel plot of individual effect sizes by strategy type. Blue triangles represent reactive strategies and green squares represent proactive strategies. The vertical red line represents the overall effect size (d = 0.57) with the red diagonal lines representing the 95% confidence interval. Fig 3B shows the p-curve distribution of p-values from meta-analysis.
Table 3.
Financial self-control strategies and frequency of mention in a media sample (Study 2).
Table 4.
Financial self-control strategies, examples, and frequency of mention in a lay person sample (Study 3).
Fig 4.
Panel graph showing prevalence of self-control strategies across the meta-analysis, media sample, and lay sample.
Each panel shows the percentage of how often each strategy was mentioned by each perspective. Refer to Tables 1–3 for strategy details.