Fig 1.
COVID-19 space-time scan hotspots in the United States at the county level from 1/22/-3/13/2020.
Table 1.
Attributes of prospective space-time clusters (hotspots) for COVID-19 from 1/23-3/13/2020 at the county level.
Fig 2.
Elbow method evaluation and hierarchical clustering results for the 1st period.
Notice that the numberings and colors of STES clusters match with those of corresponding clusters on the map and the temporal trend graph in Fig 3.
Fig 3.
Sequence similarity-based COVID-19 clusters along with average temporal trends at the county level through 3/13/2020.
This map includes the counties with higher relative risk (RR>1) contained in all the clusters detected by scan statistics in Fig 1. The average temporal trends of cumulative cases for STES clusters 1–8 on the map appear at the bottom right. Notice that the colors of STES clusters match with correspondingly colored dots on the map and with the colors of the STES cluster curves on the graph. OC includes all counties not included in the clusters.
Fig 4.
COVID-19 space-time scan statistic detected hotspots in the United States at county level through 3/31/2020.
Table 2.
Attributes of prospective space-time clusters (hotspots) for COVID-19 from 1/23-3/31/2020 at the county level.
Fig 5.
Elbow method evaluation and hierarchical clustering results for the 2nd period.
Notice that the numberings and colors of STES clusters match with those of corresponding clusters on the map and the temporal trend graph in Fig 6.
Fig 6.
Sequence similarity-based COVID-19 clusters along with average temporal trends at county level during 1/22/2020-3/31/2020.
This map includes the counties with higher relative risk (RR>1) contained in all the clusters detected by scan statistics in Fig 3. The average temporal trends of cumulative cases for STES clusters 1–8 on the map appear at the bottom right. Notice that the colors of STES clusters match with correspondingly colored dots on the map and with the colors of the STES cluster curves on the graph. OC includes all counties not included in the clusters.
Fig 7.
COVID-19 space-time scan statistic detected hotspots in the United States at county level through 4/19/2020.
Table 3.
Attributes of prospective space-time clusters (hotspots) for COVID-19 from 1/23-4/19/2020 at the county level.
Fig 8.
Elbow method evaluation and hierarchical clustering results for the 3rd period.
Notice that the numberings and colors of STES clusters match with those of corresponding clusters on the map and the temporal trend graph in Fig 9.
Fig 9.
Sequence similarity-based COVID-19 emerging clusters along with average temporal trends at county level during 1/22/-4/19/2020.
This map includes the counties with higher relative risk (RR>) contained in all the clusters detected by scan statistics in Fig 5. The average temporal trends of cumulative cases for STES clusters 1–10 on the map appear at the bottom right. Notice that the colors of STES clusters match with correspondingly colored dots on the map and with the colors of the STES cluster curves on the graph. OC includes all counties not included in the clusters.
Fig 10.
Prospective space-time scan statistic detected clusters of COVID-19 incidents during the study period of 1/22/2020-5/20/2020.
Table 4.
Attributes of prospective space-time clusters (hotspots) for COVID-19 from 1/23-5/20/2020 at the county level.
Fig 11.
Elbow method evaluation and hierarchical clustering results for the 4th period.
Notice that the numberings and colors of STES clusters match with those of corresponding clusters on the map and the temporal trend graph in Fig 12.
Fig 12.
Sequence similarity-based COVID-19 clusters along with average temporal trends at county level during 1/22/-5/20/2020.
This map includes the counties with higher relative risk (RR>1) contained in all the clusters detected by scan statistics in Fig 10. The average temporal trends of cumulative cases for STES clusters 1–10 on the map appear at the bottom right. Notice that the colors of STES clusters match with correspondingly colored dots on the map and with the colors of the STES cluster curves on the graph. OC includes all counties not included in the clusters.