Table 1.
Demographics, lifestyle and clinical history of the study participants.
Table 2.
Classification of characteristics of spermatozoa in the study participants using the WHO criteria for sperm concentration, motility and morphology.
Table 3.
Sperm morphology and lifestyle (smoking and/or drinking).
Table 4.
Semen parameters and classification of study population with history of Gonorrhoea.
Fig 1.
Point mutations at the control regions and rRNA genes of the mtDNA of patients presenting with male infertility.
The point mutations detected in only one abnormospermia are represented as oligozoospermia (brown), asthenoteratozoospermia (green), oligoasthenozoospermia (grey) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (blue). (a) Point mutations at the control regions. The brown dots are C64T, T236C, G15777A, C16148T, C16168T, C16188G, A16230G and C16290T. The green dots are C151T, T204C, C418T, C16114A and G16213A. The grey dots are A357G, T16126C, C16264T, C16270T, A16293G and C16327T. The blue dots are A235G, C494T, T16086C and T16093C. A73G and C16223T (purple arrows) were the most common mutations in the control region. The total mutations at the control region = 182. (b) Point mutations at the rRNA genes. The brown dots are C1048T, A2245C and A2851G. The green dot is C1706T. The grey dot is T710C. The blue dots are T2010C and T3202C. The yellow dots are A2124G and A2968G. A750G, A1438G and A2706G (purple arrows) were the most common mutations. The total mutations at the rRNAa genes = 100.
Fig 2.
Point mutations at the coding region of the mtDNA of patients presenting with male infertility.
The point mutations detected in only one abnormospermia are represented as oligozoospermia (brown), asthenoteratozoospermia (green), oligoasthenozoospermia (grey), oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (blue) and teratozoospermia (yellow). (a) Point mutations at genes encoding subunits of NADH dehydrogenase (ND1-ND6 genes). The brown dots are C3516A, T4586C, T5096C, G5231A, T5442C, G5460A, G10589A, C10664T, T10915C, G11176A, A11641G, G12007A, A13276G and T14308C. The green dots are A4158G, A4767G, C5027T, C5331A, T10828C, G11150A, A12948G and A14022G. The grey dots are T3308C, T5393C, T13789C, C13831A, C13880A and G14560A. The blue dots are C3450T, G4048A, A5285G, G10373A, C10837T, A11002G, C11131T, C11692T, G11887A, A13542G, A13803G, C13914A, C13992T and A14566G. The yellow dots are T10861C, A12723G and T14212C. The underlined nucleotide variants are missense mutations. A4769G, A10398G, T10873C, G11719A and C12705T (purple arrows) were the most common mutations. The total mutations at the ND1-ND6 genes = 235. (b) Point mutations at genes encoding subunits of cytochrome oxidase (CO1-CO3 genes). The brown dots are T6185C, A9347G, G9755A and C9818T. The green dots are G6026A, C6713T and C8080T. The grey dots are T6378C, C6548T, A6989G, C7867T, A8248G, G9300A and A9855G. The blue dots are T6620G, A7004G, C7648T, G8152A, G9329A, G9452A, T9467C and G9986A. The underlined nucleotide variants are missense mutations. C7028T was the most common mutations (purple arrows). The total mutations at the CO1-CO3 genes = 113. (c) Point mutations at genes encoding cytochrome B (CYTB). The brown dots are C15136T, G15431A, G15773A and G15777A. The green dot is A15707G. The blue dots are C14791T, A15311G, T15629C and A15824G. The yellow dot is G14905A. The underlined nucleotide variants are missense mutations. C14766T, G15301A and A15326G (purple arrows) were the most common mutations. The total mutations at the CYTB gene = 72. (d) Point mutations at genes encoding subunits of ATPase (ATPase6/8). The brown dots are C8428T, A8566G and C9042T. The green dots are G8387A and G8856A. The blue dots are A8649G, A9007T and G9055A. The underlined nucleotide variants are missense mutations. A8701G and A8860G (purple arrows) were the most common mutations. The total mutations at the ATPase6/8 genes = 51.
Table 5.
Predominant nucleotide variants in the mtDNA of the study population.